Tuesday, December 6, 2011

Bronx Masquerade by Nikki Grimes


1.  BIBLIOGRAPHY

Grimes, Nikki. 2002. Bronx Masquerade. New York: Dial ISBN: 0803725698

2.  SUMMARY

Bronx Masquerade is a book of poetry for teens woven with dialogue of high school students detailing their daily experiences of living and going to school in the Bronx. Each student shares part of their angst and adds a poem as a connection to the story as the class studies a poetry unit called Harlem Renaissance.

3.  CRITICAL ANALYSIS

Bronx Masquerade is about a class that starts to have “Open Mic Fridays” where students can share their poetry with their classmates while studying poetry in Mr. Ward’s class. As the book progresses, the Open Mic days become more and more popular and go from once a month to every Friday. The ability to share their poems with fellow classmates gives the students an opportunity to express themselves in an atmosphere where they will not be picked on by peers outside the classroom. This opportunity of expression allows the students to be seen for whom they are, not just their outside appearance or environmental conditions.

The poems are introduced first by a 1 to 4 page story from one of the students giving the reader a bit of that student’s life inside or outside school and are accompanied by the student’s poem reflecting on the bit of information they shared previously. The poetry varies in style. Concrete and abstract are the main styles but rap is also introduced as a poetry style.

From Devon’s Black Box poem

In case I forgot to tell you,
I’m allergic to boxes:
Black boxes, shoe boxes,
New boxes, you boxes—
Even cereal boxes
Boasting champions.

From this poem and the previous entry by Devon, the reader learns that Devon doesn’t like to be categorized by stereotypical methods. Teen readers can identify with this and the other selections as students begin to develop a sense of self and individuality. Publisher Weekly’s reviewer states, “By book's end, all the voices have blended seamlessly into a multicultural chorus laden with a message that is probably summed up best by pretty girl, Tanisha Scott's comment, "I am not a skin color or a hank of wavy hair. I am a person, and if they don't get that, it's their problem, not mine."

The author, Nikki Grimes, tackles many issues that teens have to deal with currently. Some readers may be able to identify with the characters while others may simply enjoy reading the poetry and learning about another place and culture. This form of sharing poetry also makes it more appealing to those who are reluctant to give poetry a try. In a book format, with accompanying dialogue and hip cover, even the coolest kid will be okay toting this book around.

The overuse of slang terms by Grimes gives the book a dated feel. The book was written in 2002 and currently, students in 2011 are not using slang terms such as “word” at the end of sentences. This may seem out of date to most teens but can also open up additional dialogue if this book is enjoyed as a class or read aloud.

4.  AWARDS/REVIEWS

2002 Coretta Scott King Award

PUBLISHERS WEEKLY Review "Grimes's creative, contemporary premise will hook teens, and the poems may even inspire readers to try a few of their own."

SLJ review: “As always, Grimes gives young people exactly what they're looking for-real characters who show them they are not alone.”

BOOKLIST review: “readers will enjoy the lively, smart voices that talk bravely about real issues and secret fears.”

5.  CONNECTIONS

Bronx Masquerade can be a launching point for starting a teen poetry slam at your library.

To conduct a poetry slam or to learn more visit the below websites:

Author’s website including a study guide and curriculum:
http://www.nikkigrimes.com/

What My Mother Doesn't Know by Sonya Sones



1.  BIBLIOGRAPHY

Sones, Sonya. 2001. WHAT MY MOTHER DOESN’T KNOW. New York: Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers.  ISBN 9780689841149

2.  SUMMARY

Through prose, the young adult narrator, Sophie, tells the story of her first experiences with love.  Using free verse, she discusses her connections with family and friends with the main focus being the peril with boys. Teen girls will relate to the teen angst portrayed in one of Sonya Sones’ best novels.

3.  CRITICAL ANALYSIS

In her own writing style, which Sones has become famous for, she allows the main character to narrate her teenage life experiences through individual poems. The entire novel is written from Sophie’s point of view and is written in a chronological format. The title of each of the entries is written in a different font than the entries themselves. The dialogue is authentic of a teenage girl filled with the desire for approval from her peers over her choice to date a not-so-popular boy, the kids call Murphy.

Sones develops each character beautifully. The ebb and tide of Sophie’s relationship skillfully flows with entry titles teasing its’ contents. With titles such as, The Confession and The Weirdest Thing Happened Tonight, the reader cannot help but continue being pulled into each lyrical verse after the other.

The story of Sophie unfolds as she moves from a relationship with Dylan, a young man not quite fitting Sophie’s love for Murphy, the ideal love in her mind, but not a popular choice amongst her friends. “…the author poignantly captures the tingle and heartache of being young and boy-crazy. She weaves separate free verse poems into a fluid and coherent narrative with a satisfying ending" Publishers Weekly (February 24, 2003).

In the middle of the two relationships Sophie gambles on an online romance. Sones writes,

If I could marry a font
I’d marry his.

I just love it,
The way all of the letters lean
at those quirky angles.

They remind me of the letters
In those thought balloons
In the Sunday’s funnies,
Like words that Snoopy
Or Garfield
might be thinking.

And those question marks are-
Well, they’re adorable.
They just are somehow.

If I could marry a font,
I would definitely marry his.

Chaz seems to be ideal until talk leads to meeting face to face and suddenly, without warning, his on line behavior causes Sophie to be weirded out and she abandons the relationship altogether. I think Sones included this bit of 21st century dating as a warning to teens about internet usage, cyber stalkers and the dangerous implications of on-line trust.

What makes this book a dynamic read is that young adult girls will be able to see themselves in the description of Sophie and her characteristics. The ups and downs, lessons learned and the feelings of young love will make it easy to relate.

4.  AWARDS/REVIEWS

A Junior Library Guild Selection

International Reading Association Young Adult's Choice 2003

2001 Booklist Editor's Choice

American Library Association 2002 Top Ten Quick Pick for Reluctant Young Adult Readers

American Library Association 2002 Best Book for Young Adults 

VOYA review:  "The poems are snappy, and each one strikes a chord that fluidly moves the reader to the next episode."

BOOKLIST STARRED review:  "The poetry is never pretentious...the very short, sometimes rhythmic lines make each page fly."

PUBLISHERS WEEKLY STARRED review  "...Sophie's honest and earthy story feels destined to captivate a young female audience, avid and reluctant readers alike."

5.  CONNECTIONS

Related websites:

http://www.netpoets.com/poems/teenlove/ contains love poems written from an adolescent's perspective.

http://www.gravityteen.com/poetry/pick.cfm more poetry from the teen perspective. Users may even submit their own poems.

Related books:

Janeczko, Paul B. (1991). Preposterous: Poems of Youth. New York. Orchard Books.
ISBN 0531059014

A poetry anthology that includes many of the themes presented in What My Mother Doesn't Know (i.e.  love, family problems, friendship, secrets, etc...).

Mackler, Carolyn. (2000). Love and Other Four-Letter Words. New York: Delcorte.
ISBN  044022831X

The story of a teenage girl who learns that one's character is strengthened through personal struggles.

http://www.sonyasones.com This web site provides additional biographical information about Sonya Sones and her writings, including descriptions about each book and awards.

Make Lemonade by Virginia Euwer Wolff



1.  BIBLIOGRAPHY:

Wolff, Virginia Euwer. 1993. MAKE LEMONADE. New York: H. Holt. ISBN 9780805022285

2.  PLOT SUMMARY

This novel in free verse, tells the story of 14-year-old inner-city African-American LaVaughn who takes a part-time job sitting for 17-year-old Jolly's two children, Jilly and Jeremy. LaVaughn develops a caring relationship with the children realizing around the same time that Jolly isn't going to make it on her own without assistance. Although she is 3 years younger than Jolly, LaVaughn shows great maturity in helping the single mother get herself together and on the right track for her and her kids.

3.  CRITICAL ANALYSIS

Make Lemonade naturally tells a story of some social problems, such as having child before marriage, single-parent family, the living conditions of poor people and the abuse of weapons. From the eyes of La Vaughn, we see the life of ordinary people and their different attitudes toward life.

The format of the book is written from LaVaughn’s point of view and arranged in a diary format, with short chapters of verse. The discussions between LaVaughn and Jolly are compatible to their ages. “LaVaughn's narrative--brief, sometimes ungrammatical sentences in uneven lines, like verse--is in a credible teenage voice suited to readers like Jolly herself; yet it has the economy and subtlety of poetry” Kirkus Review stated (1993).

Along with the verse-like narrative, symbolism plays a large role in this novel and sucks the reader into the story. The book’s first line, “I am telling you this just the way it went...Other people would maybe tell it different, but I was there” causes the reader to keep reading, wanting to know what it is that LaVaughn finds so pertinent to share.  The rhythm of the story leads the reader through a story of struggle, hope, and independence. The reader develops a view that the world in neither black nor white, right or wrong to LaVaughn as she is pulled by two different forces: her strict, college minded mother

My mom sunk her teeth into this one,
This college idea. Every time I look like I’m forgetting college
She reminds me some way.
My mom has an attention span that goes on for years.
Or Jolly’s immature self in a mature situation.

and Jolly, a teenage parent with no guidance who is often quoted in the book as saying “no one TOLD me”.

Physical signs of symbolism show up in the form of lemon seeds as LaVaughn plants them to show Jeremy, Jolly’s son, how things grow. Just like life, disappointment occurs when the seeds fail to grow. LaVaughn brings in new seeds, she and Jolly argue about whether to tell Jeremy the truth or to plant the new seeds and not tell Jeremy. Jolly is attempting to shelter him from the disappointment she so often feels, and LaVaughn believes this is a good teaching opportunity, one about truth. Keeping in mind that as the story continues, LaVaughn begins to break away from Jolly as she begins pulling her life together. Jolly stops LaVaughn in the hall one day and tells her, "Hey, you wouldn't guess what come up out of that dirt. We got a little green thing, a little lemon thing comin' up".  It’s obvious the lemon seeds are a metaphor for the growth of both girls.

The story is unforgettable and the rhythm of each passage depicts the ups and downs of the story.  Poetic devices such as repetition, line length, and the use of all capitalization are used to simulate strong feeling. In the passage below you can see how these elements are artfully constructed.

And in comes Jeremy. "Looky," he says, holding up his hand
and from her bed has already come
a scream that the world is ending.
In Jeremy's hand like the Statue of Liberty
is a bunch of hair, clean sheared,
I quick look around his head -
How did he get scissors at his age,
what has he cut,
and where's the blood,
and will I be calling 911, all these things I'm thinking at once.
But underneath I think I knew the instant I saw his face
the same time with her screaming I absolutely think I knew.
“Jeremy, I canNOT beLIEVE what you've DONE/to your SISter,”

Make Lemonade is a book full of style and reflects the work of a true poet. The first book in a trilogy documenting LaVaughn’s coming of age, this novel would be a literary circle or book club selection. This book is not an ideal read-aloud since it is written in a stream of conscious style and may be difficult to follow, orally. The light Make Lemonade sheds on the struggles people endure to provide for their families is valuable for students of varied socio-economic backgrounds.

4.  AWARDS/REVIEWS

Oregon Book Award
The Golden Kite Award for Fiction.
American Library Association (ALA) Notable Children's Book
American Library Association (ALA) Best Book for Young Adults
Booklist Top of the List winner
SLJ STARRED review: "The poetic form emphasizes the flow of the teenager's language and thought. The form invites readers to drop some preconceptions about novels, and they will find the plot and characters riveting. MAKE LEMONADE is a triumphant, outstanding story."

PUBLISHERS WEEKLY review: "Radiant with hope, this keenly observed and poignant novel is a stellar addition to YA literature.

5.  CONNECTIONS

http://www.storknet.com/cubbies/parenting/finances.htm This link is a helpful resource for single moms who will need financial assistance. It easily describes the resources available and how to find them locally:

http://www.ed.gov/programs/campisp/index.html Information about the Child Care Access Means Parents in Schools Program.
 
http://www.ed.gov/programs/trioupbound/index.html Upward Bound main page. Upward Bound is a TRIO program that is designed to make first generation college students successful.